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The Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party (KMPP) was founded just before the 1952 elections by Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani, popularly known as Acharya Kripalani. It registered victory in nine constituencies and Peoples Democratic Front (PDF), a front of the Communist Party of India in the Hyderabad state won seven seats.Among non-Congress parties, CPI surfaced as the second largest party as it had 16 seats. The All India Ganatantra Parishad (AIGP), a regional political party based in Odisha, formed by the former rulers of the erstwhile princely states and big landlords, fetched six seats.The Hindu Mahasabha won four seats while the Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS), the previous political wing of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) had only three seats. On the other hand, about 30 parties failed to even open their accounts.After the 1952 elections, the Socialist Party and KMPP merged, so the Praja Socialist Party (PSP) came into existence. It emerged victorious on 19 seats in subsequent Lok Sabha elections that were conducted in 1957. The party survived till 1972. The AIGP improved its tally by one seat and the Scheduled Castes Federation (SCF) of Dr Bhim Rao Ambedkar won elections in six constituencies. The Federation was later turned into the Republican Party of India (RPI). The AIGP dissolved 10 years later in 1962.
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Rise & fall of small parties
